Acqua Panna is a still water from Italy. Low mineralization with a gentle, slightly alkaline taste; smooth and soft on the palate.
| Ion | mg/L |
|---|---|
| Calcium (Ca²⁺) | 32 |
| Magnesium (Mg²⁺) | 6.7 |
| Sodium (Na⁺) | 7 |
| Chloride (Cl⁻) | 7.9 |
| Sulfate (SO₄²⁻) | 20 |
| Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) | 112.2 |
| At a glance | |
|---|---|
| Total of these six minerals | 185.8 mg/L |
| Total hardness (as CaCO₃) | 107.5 mg/L |
| Alkalinity (as CaCO₃) | 92 mg/L |
| Sulfate-to-chloride ratio | 2.5:1 |
Mineral salts to dissolve in reverse-osmosis or distilled water, calculated by the BrewWaterSolver solver with the most common homebrew salts.
| Salt | 5 gal (18.9 L) | 20 L |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) | 0.19 g | 0.20 g |
| Epsom salt (MgSO₄) | 0.96 g | 1.01 g |
| Chalk (CaCO₃) | 1.36 g | 1.44 g |
| Baking soda (NaHCO₃) | 0.29 g | 0.31 g |
The common salts reproduce every ion within 10%.
Chalk (CaCO₃) doesn't dissolve well directly in mash or sparge water without dissolved CO₂ - slurry it in carbonated water (e.g. sparkling water) before adding it, rather than mixing it into still water or sprinkling it in dry, or the calculated amount may not fully dissolve. How to dissolve chalk with CO₂
Tuscany, Italy (Mugello region). Updated from Acqua Panna's 2025 US water analysis report; HCO3 from total alkalinity 92 mg/L as CaCO3 (x1.22).